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Since the inception of modern contact linguistics through the works of Weinreich (1953) and Haugen (1953), numerous investigators have studied the manifestations of language contact across different disciplines, naturally adopting varied perspectives and approaches relevant to their particular field of inquiry. In spite of the many approaches and interests, quite simply, when speakers of different languages interact closely, it is typical for their languages to influence each other. The influ...
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Languages in contact --- English literature --- Multilingualism --- Multilingualism and literature --- History --- History and criticism. --- Literature and multilingualism --- Literature --- Plurilingualism --- Polyglottism --- Language and languages --- Areal linguistics
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The Arabic Influence on Northern Berber provides an overview of the effects of language contact on a wide array of Berber languages spoken in the Maghrib. These languages have undergone important changes in their lexicon, phonology, morphology, and syntax as a result of over a thousand years of Arabic influence. The social situation of Berber-Arabic language contact is similar all over the region: Berber speakers introducing Arabic features into their language, with only little language shift going on. Moreover, the typological profile of the different Berber varieties is relatively homogenous. The comparison of contact-induced change in Berber therefore adds up to a study in typological variation of contact influence under very similar linguistic and social conditions.
Berber languages --- Arabic language --- Languages in contact --- FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDY / African Languages. --- Areal linguistics --- Semitic languages --- Libyan languages --- Afroasiatic languages --- Foreign elements --- Arabic. --- Influence on Berber.
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This study investigates the vulnerability of mature native grammars at the interfaces in adult Spanish speakers who have been residing in the US for a mean period of five years but continue to use their L1 on a daily basis. Participants were tested on production and comprehension of subject-verb inversion on two wh-constructions: matrix questions and relative clauses. The crucial distinction between inversion in these two types of constructions is that in relative clauses it is regulated by extra-syntactic conditions such as pragmatic and/or phonological considerations, while inversion
Language attrition. --- Languages in contact. --- Language maintenance. --- Language and languages --- Language loyalty --- Maintenance of language --- Sociolinguistics --- Areal linguistics --- Language loss --- Bilingualism --- Maintenance --- Education --- Bilingual education.
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Diese arealtypologische Studie untersucht die grammatischen Mittel, die in den Sprachen Europas verwendet werden, um den Komparativ der Ungleichheit/Überlegenheit auszudrücken. Die bestehenden Theorien und Hypothesen über die morphosyntaktische Struktur und die crosslinguistische Verteilung von Konstruktionstypen werden durchgemustert; das Verhalten von Komparativen unter den Bedingungen des Sprachkontakts wird diskutiert. Dabei werden Daten aus mehr als 170 Standard- und Nichtstandardvarietäten europäischer Sprachen systematisch untersucht. Das synchrone Bild wird um Überlegungen zur die Diachronie von Komparativkonstruktionen ergänzt, die europäischen Fakten zudem mit denen der asiatischen und afrikanischen Regionen verglichen. Es wird dafür argumentiert, dass crosslinguistische Untersuchungen auch so genannte sekundäre Optionen berücksichtigen müssen. Diese sekundären Optionen sprechen dafür, dass die vermeintlich dominante Rolle des Partikelkomparativs für Europa nicht aufrechterhalten werden kann. Darüber hinaus erlauben es uns nur die sekundären Optionen, Isoglossen aufzustellen, die die Grenzen zwischen Europa und Asien (sowie Afrika) überschreiten. This in-depth areal-typological study analyzes the grammatical means which are employed in the languages of Europe to express the comparative of inequality/superiority. The extant theories and hypotheses about the morphosyntactic structure and the cross-linguistic distribution of construction types are reviewed. The behavior of comparatives under the conditions of language contact is discussed. Data from more than 170 standard and nonstandard varieties of European languages are scrutinized systematically. The synchronic picture is complemented by a chapter on the diachrony of comparative constructions. The European facts are compared to those of the geographically adjacent Asian and African regions. It is argued that cross-linguistic investigations must take account also of so-called secondary options. These secondary options suggest strongly that the supposedly dominant role of the particle comparative cannot be upheld for Europe. Moreover, only the secondary options allow us to draw isoglosses which cross the borders between Europe and Asia (and Africa).
Europe -- Social conditions -- 20th century. --- Comparative linguistics --- Language and languages --- Areal linguistics --- Languages in contact --- Languages & Literatures --- Philology & Linguistics --- Variation --- Comparison (Grammar) --- Indo-European languages --- Comparison. --- Europe --- Languages --- Aryan languages --- Indo-Germanic languages --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Comparison --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- Areal linguistics. --- Comparative linguistics. --- Languages in contact. --- Variation. --- Europe.
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Die Strukturierung des Sprachraums ist ein zentraler Gegenstand der Variationsforschung, dessen Komplexität bis heute nicht vollständig erfasst ist. Ausgangspunkt des Buches ist die Erstellung eines datenbasierten regionalsprachlichen Modells der historischen Dialekte in Deutschland, das aus verschiedenen Perspektiven ausgewertet und erweitert wird. Auf diese Weise gelingt eine neue Sicht auf die raumstrukturellen Bedingungen der Dialekte v. a. im 19. Jahrhundert. Eine Besonderheit stellt der Einsatz von Methoden aus Bioinformatik und Geostatistik dar, die in der Regionalsprachenforschung weithin unberücksichtigt geblieben sind. Im Ergebnis trägt das Vorgehen zum Verständnis zahlreicher sprachgeographischer und sprachhistorischer Phänomene bei, etwa mit Blick auf den Ausgleich der Dialekte oder die Genese der deutschen Schriftsprache. Zudem werden neue Kriterien zur intersubjektiven Definition der Dialektlandschaft geliefert, die in ihrer Verknüpfung mit außersprachlichen Daten einen Brückenschlag zu kulturwissenschaftlichen Themenfeldern leisten. Die Studie begründet darauf aufbauend neue Forschungsansätze zur Erklärung räumlicher Handlungsmuster in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart, seien sie sprachlicher oder außersprachlicher Art.
Allemand (langue) --- Géographie linguistique --- Typologie (linguistique) --- Dialectes --- Géographie linguistique. --- Dialectes. --- German language --- Linguistic geography. --- Dialects. --- Dialect geography --- Geography, Linguistic --- Language and languages --- Language geography --- Areal linguistics --- Dialectology --- Geography --- Typologie linguistique. --- Corpus Linguistics. --- Dialectology. --- Dialectometry. --- History of Language.
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To what extent do our accents determine the way we are perceived by others? Is a foreign accent inevitably associated with social stigma? Accent is a matter of great public interest given the impact of migration on national and global affairs, but until now, applied linguistics research has treated accent largely as a theoretical puzzle. In this fascinating account, Alene Moyer examines the social, psychological, educational and legal ramifications of sounding 'foreign'. She explores how accent operates contextually through analysis of issues such as: the neuro-cognitive constraints on phonological acquisition, individual factors that contribute to the 'intractability' of accent, foreign accent as a criterion for workplace discrimination, and the efficacy of instruction for improving pronunciation. This holistic treatment of second language accent is an essential resource for graduate students and researchers interested in applied linguistics, bilingualism and foreign language education.
Sociolinguistics --- Psycholinguistics --- Phonetics --- English language --- Dialectology --- Second language acquisition --- Languages in contact. --- Pronunciation by foreign speakers. --- Social aspects. --- Areal linguistics --- Second language learning --- Language acquisition --- Pronunciation by foreigners --- Arts and Humanities --- Language & Linguistics --- Germanic languages
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This present book studies from a dialectological perspective various African Arabic varieties, such as Maghreb Arabic, Bongor Arabic, Juba Arabic and Logorí Arabic. On the one hand, different specific linguistic aspects related to phonetics and phonology as well as to morphology, syntax and lexicology are discussed in this volume; e.g. the Arabic loanwords in Somali with regard to the strata in South Arabian, the structural features of Logorì Arabic and its use as Lingua Franca or native language, the contact-induced innovation processes in North African Arabic negation by analogy with Berber negation. On the other hand, the African Arabic theme is approached from a more general perspective analysing the contact effects on linguistic features and systems from a broader comparative, typological and universal viewpoint, e.g. a general typology of Arabic in Africa, the question of possible universal features of pidginization and creolization drawn on evidence from Arabic-based pidgins and creoles. Its outcomes offer important insights for all linguistic studies and approaches, and directly connect with other research fields such as sociolinguistics, ethnolinguistics and language acquisition.
Arabic languages --- Dialectology --- North Africa --- Arabic language --- Languages in contact --- Arabe (Langue) --- Langues en contact --- Dialects --- Dialectology. --- Dialectes --- Dialectologie --- Areal linguistics --- Semitic languages --- African Arabic. --- Contact Linguistics and Sociolinguistics. --- Geolinguistics, Language Variation and Change.
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In The Genesis of Sri Lanka Malay: A Case of Extreme Language Contact , the synchrony and diachrony of Sri Lanka Malay are investigated from a variety of angles: Experts on South Asia, South East Asia, Creole Studies, Areal Linguistics, Typology, and Sociolinguistics all contribute their share to a truly global analysis of one of the most extreme cases of language contact, where the Malays changed the whole morphosyntax of their language in as little as just over three centuries. The genesis of Sri Lanka Malay informs theories of language contact, language change, and 'creolization', as well as sociolinguistics, language policy and planning and a critical analysis of the 'endangered language' discourse.
Malay language --- Malays (Asian people) --- Languages in contact --- Grammar. --- Areal linguistics --- Malayan languages --- Indonesian language --- FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDY / Miscellaneous. --- Malay race --- Melayu (Asian people) --- Orang Melayu (Asian people) --- Ethnology --- Dialectology --- Sociolinguistics --- Asian languages --- Sri Lanka
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This article proposes an interactional approach to the question of Russian language maintenance through the activity of bedtime story-reading in Russian-French bilingual families in French speaking Switzerland. Reading stories appears to be a language maintenance strategy commonly employed by the Russian speaking parent. The ritual and recreational moment of story-reading therefore becomes an opportunity for language learning. Drawing upon a language socialization perspective, this paper proposes an interactional analysis of the language use in the activity of story-reading. It shows how the l
Languages in contact --- Slavic languages --- Conversation analysis --- Analysis of conversation --- CA (Interpersonal communication) --- Conversational analysis --- Oral communication --- Balto-Slavic languages --- Slavonic languages --- Indo-European languages --- Areal linguistics --- Social aspects. --- Europe, Eastern --- East Europe --- Eastern Europe --- Languages --- Variation.
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